African-Americans in the American Revolution

Following are just a few of the men from North Carolina who served in the Revolutionary War

Josiah Abshier was head of an Anson County household of 6 "other free" in 1810 [NC:57] and 3 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:12]. He was a corporal who received a pension of $345.97 [Crow, Black Experience, 97].
Caleb Archer was head of a Hertford County household of 5 "other free" in 1790 [NC:26] and 9 in 1800 in Captain Lewis' District. He was allowed 26 pounds pay for service in the Revolution from 10 November 1777 to 10 August 1778 [Haun, Revolutionary Army Accounts, vol.II, Book 2, 280]. On 7 June 1792 he appointed James Carraway of Cumberland County his attorney to receive his payment for services in the Continental line in 1778 and 1779 [NCGSJ VIII:98].

Evans Archer was head of a Hertford County household of 3 "other free" in 1790 [NC:25], 3 in 1800, and 3 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:186]. He was sixty-nine years old on 27 September 1823 when he applied for a Revolutionary War pension in Hertford County Court, stating that he enlisted in Portsmouth, Virginia, for eighteen months until January 1782 [M805-25, frame 0001]. In 1835 he was listed as a Revolutionary War pensioner in a report to Congress [Clark, State Records of North Carolina, XXII:571].

Archibald Artis died before November 1782 when Stephen Powell was granted administration of his estate in Johnston County, North Carolina Court on a bond of 200 pounds. The account of sales of the estate totalled a little over 43 pounds [Haun, Johnston County Court Minutes, III:232]. He was mentioned in the Revolutionary War pension application of Holiday Haithcock which had a testimonial by William Bryan, a Justice of the Peace: ... that in the times of our Revolutionary War free negroes and mulattoes mustered in the ranks with white men in said State

..This affiant has frequently mustered in company with said free negroes and mulattoes ...That class of persons were equally liable to draft - and frequently volunteered in the public Service. This affiant was in the army a short time at Wilmington at the time Craig was near that place and remembers that one mulatto was in his company as a common soldier whose name Archibald Artis - Sworn to and subscribed this 21 day November 1834.

John Artis enlisted in 1781 in Abraham Shepard's Tenth Regiment, Colonel Hall's Company. He left the service on 1 November 1782 [Clark, State Records of North Carolina, 17:190, 16:1007, 15:609].

James Baltrip was a Continental soldier from Bute County who enlisted on 3 September 1778: 5 feet 4" high, 20 years old, dark hair, dark eyes [NCAr:Troop Returns by NCGSJ XV:109].

William Barber, born on 17 May 1745 in Dinwiddie County, was living in Surry County, North Carolina, on 2 January 1833 when he made a declaration in court to obtain a Revolutionary War pension. He stated that he was living in Halifax County, Virginia, when called into the service and moved to Surry County about 1805 [M805-48]. He was head of a Surry County, North Carolina household of 8 "other free" in 1810 [NC:697] and 6 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:670].

Elijah Bass, son of John Bass, b.1716, and grandson of Edward Bass, b. 1672 Norfolk County, Virginia,  enlisted in the 10th Regiment of the North Carolina Line as a substitute for Ebenezar Riggan on 10 February 1781 and was killed in the battle of Eutaw Springs on 8 September 1781. His widow, Mary Bass, married Benjamin Richardson with Philip Pettiford as bondsman [NARA, W.4061, M804, Roll 2038, frames 533, 528.

Samuel Bell was living in Sampson County, North Carolina, in February 1782 when he volunteered in Captain Coleman's Company under Major Griffith McRae and Colonel Lytle. He marched to Wilmington, to Georgetown, and to Charleston, but was never in any engagement. After the war, he lived in Sampson County until about 1807 when he moved to Robeson County where he applied for and was granted a pension on 31 August 1832 [M804-0207, frame 0489]. He was head of a Sampson County household of 10 "other free" in 1790, 15 in 1800 [NC:509], 5 in Robeson County in 1810 [NC:234], and 2 "free colored" in Robeson County in 1820 [NC:309].

Edmund Bibby was listed among the Continental soldiers from Bute County who enlisted for nine months on 3 September 1778: Edmon Bibby, Place of Abode Bute County, born N.C., 5'4", 20 years old, Dark Fair, Dark Eyes [NCAr:Troop Returns, Box 4, by NCGSJ XV:109]. He was the son of a "Mulatto" woman named Mary Bibby [Chamberlayne, Register of Bristol Parish, 36; CR 44.701.19; CR 015.70001; Bute County WB A:218, 226, 227, 232, 233].

Martin Black enlisted for three years in Stevenson's Company of the North Carolina Continental Line on 16 May 1777. He was in Valley Forge and West Point and reenlisted for eighteen months in Evans Company in 1782 [M805-92, frame 0147]. He was head of a Carteret County household of 2 "other free" in 1790 [NC:128] and an Onslow County household of 4 "other free" in 1800 [NC:143].

Benjamin Blango was a soldier from Beaufort County whose estate was administered before June 1792 by Sarah Blango [NCGSJ XVIII:72].

Elisha Boon enlisted in Baker's Company in the 10th North Carolina Regiment for nine months on 20 July 1778 [Clark, The State Records of North Carolina, XVI:1018]. He was head of a Northampton County household of 4 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:218]. He was about sixty one when appeared in Wake County court on 13 June 1818 to apply for a pension for his service in the Revolution, stating that he enlisted early in the war as a volunteer in Nash County under the command of Captain Isaac Horn who marched his company to Halifax where he was put under the command of Captain John Baker of the 10th Regiment for 9 months about July 1778. He moved to Lexington, Kentucky, by 7 June 1824 [NARA, S.35196, M804, roll 288, frame 14 of 842]
Lewis Boon, "bastard Mulatto of Patt Boon," was bound apprentice in Bertie County, North Carolina, in 1774. He enlisted in the Revolution for 9 months in Baker's Company on 20 July 1778 [Clark, The State Records of North Carolina, XVI:1018]. He was head of a Northampton County, North Carolina household of 9 "other free" in 1800 [NC:429], 5 in Halifax County in 1810 [NC:5], and 5 "free colored" in Halifax in 1820 [NC:142]. He appeared in Halifax County court to apply for a pension for his service in the Revolution, stating that he enlisted in Bertie County for nine months in July 1778 in Captain Blount's Company. He was born in 1757 in Bertie County, moved to Northampton County and had been living in Halifax County for the last forty years [NARA, S.6683, M804, Roll 288, frame 247 of 842]. In 1850, Sidney Weller, minister & resident of Halifax County, NC, wrote a letter to the Pension office on behalf of the (unnamed) children of Lewis Boon, asking if Boone had received a pension. No response is in the file. On Aug. 13, 1896, a petition written to the Dawes Commission by William Boone (1854-1931) of Warren Co, NC, stated that Lewis Boone was his grandfather, and that Lewis' daughters were William's mother, Caroline Boone, and Darcas Richardson. (D. Williams research)

John Braveboy was a "Black" tithable in Tyrrell County in 1755 [T.O. 105, box 1], head of a Beaufort County household of 1 "other free" and 6 slaves in 1790 [NC:127], 1 "other free" in 1800 [NC:4], and 1 in 1810 [NC:116]. He volunteered as a soldier in Carteret County in 1778 [The North Carolinian VI:728]. He enlisted on 27 August 1778 for three years in Captain Ballard's Company in the North Carolina Continental Line but was listed as a deserter a little over a year later on 29 October 1779 [Clark, State Records, XVI:1020].

Jacob Braveboy was called a "bastard Mulattoe aged about 15" by the May 1774 Bertie County court when it ordered him bound as an apprentice bricklayer [Haun, Bertie County Court Minutes, IV:74]. He enlisted for two and one-half years as a private in Fifth Regiment, William's Company of the N.C. Continental Line on 9 May 1776 and was discharged 10 November 1778 [N.C. Historical & Genealogical Register, II:181]. He was head of a Martin County household of 3 free males and 3 free females in William Barden's District no. 5 for the state census in 1787 and head of a Martin County household of 10 "other free" in 1800 [NC:387].

John Brooks was a Revolutionary War pensioner from North Carolina [Clark, State Records of North Carolina, XXII:571]. He was head of a Robeson County household of 5 "other free" in 1800 [NC:367] and 7 in 1810 [NC:147]. He claimed to be ninety-five or ninety-six years old on 30 May 1853 when he applied for a pension for service in the Revolution and was still living in Robeson County on 22 March 1858 when he applied for (and received) bounty land [Pension File S-6732].

David Burnett enlisted in Blount's Company of the 5th North Carolina Regiment on 2 April 1776 for the war and was omitted in February 1778 (likely deceased) [Clark, State Records, 1013; Crow, Black Experience in Revolutionary North Carolina, 98; A History of African Americans in North Carolina, 36-7]. He died without heirs, and his 640 acre military land warrant was assigned to the University of North Carolina [North Carolina and Tennessee, Revolutionary War Land Warrants, 1783-1843, Roll 14: William Hill Warrants, 1811-1837 (Nos. 676-1131), frames 142-3 of 540, ancestry.com].
Moses Byrd enlisted as a musician in Lewis' Company of the North Carolina Continental Line in Halifax County, North Carolina, in 1776 and was omitted in January 1778. He mustered again in Taylor's Company for 2-1/2 years in January 1779. H. Montfort received his final pay [Clark, The State Records of North Carolina, XVI:1012, 1024, XVII: 192]. He was a "Mulatto" taxable in Southampton County in 1802 [PPTL 1792-1806, frames 156, 183, 261, 311, 373, 407, 509, 546, 615].
Isaac Carter enlisted for 3 years and was in the Roll of Captain Clement Hall's Company in the 2nd North Carolina Battalion commanded by Colonel John Patten at White Plains on 9 September 1778 with Isaac Perkins, Martin Black, Cader/ Cato Copeland and Sesar Santee [NARA, M246, roll 79, frame 106 of 323]  He was head of a Craven County household of 5 "other free" in 1790 [NC:131].
Henry Chavis was in a list of militia men drafted from Hertford County in the Third Division commanded by Major George Little between 1778 and 1780 [TR B5F20]. He was taxable on 170 acres and 1 poll in Hertford County in Nathan Harrel's List for 1784 [GA 64.1]. He was a soldier who served in the Revolution from November 1778 to August 1779. His widow Peggy made a deposition in Hertford County on 14 July 1792 to obtain his pay. William Manly attested to her statement [NCGSJ VIII:214]. Voucher no. 404 was issued for "Henry Chavers, late a soldier in the Continental Line" for 20 pounds on 1 May 1792 [North Carolina Revolutionary Pay Vouchers, 1779-1782]
Solomon Chavis was head of a Halifax County household of 2 "other free" in 1810 [NC:13]. Jer. Nelms received his final pay of 28 pounds for service in the North Carolina Continental Line [Clark, State Records of North Carolina, XVII:198].
William Chavers enlisted for 12 months in Brevard's Company of the 3rd North Carolina Regiment in 1781 and left the service on 12 April 1782 [Clark, The State Records of North Carolina, XVI:1036]. He was head of a Wake County household of 6 "other free" in 1800.
Francis Coley/ Cooley, born in Charles City County, Virginia, enlisted there in the militia in 1777, moved to Halifax County, North Carolina, in 1779. He volunteered for six months in Halifax County and then settled in Brunswick County, Virginia, as an overseer for one Othen (Owen?) Myrick. He moved to Smith County, Tennessee, from where he petitioned for a pension on 28 November 1833 [NARA, S.3197, M804, Roll 609, frame 465 of 618]. He was listed in the state census for North Carolina in the 6th District in 1786.
James Coley born in Charles City County, Virginia, served in the Revolution in Virginia and then enlisted in Halifax County, North Carolina. He lived in Montgomery County, Tennessee, about twelve years and then moved to Humphreys County, Tennessee, where he appeared in court to apply for a pension on 18 September 1833 [NARA, S.3188, M804, Roll 643, frame 218 of 651]. He was head of a Halifax County, North Carolina household of 7 whites in 1790 [NC:62].
Robin Cooley was head of a Halifax County, North Carolina household of 6 "free colored" in 1830. He was called Robin Coley when he appeared in Halifax County court on 17 February 1844 and testified that his sister Sally Coley, widow of Jeffrey Coley a Revolutionary War pensioner, died in Halifax County on 26 December 1843 and he was her heir [NARA, W.4160, M804, Roll 609, frame 494 of 618].
Cato Copeland was head of a Craven County household of 1 "other free" in 1790 [NC:134] and 2 in Halifax County in 1810 [NC:12]. While a resident of Halifax County he applied for and was granted a pension for three years service in the 2nd North Carolina Regiment [NARA, W.17665, M805, Roll 219, frame 0072; M804, frame Roll 650, frame 294 of 579]. It's stated in his pension file that his name was actually Cader Copeland. (DW) On Nov. 21, 1842, his widow, Nancy (Mitchell), a resident of Halifax County, applied for a Widow's Pension, and presented a copy of their marriage record which stated they had married on December 11, 1778. 
Gibson Cumbo received pay for serving in the Bladen County militia in 1785 [Haun, North Carolina Revolutionary Army Accounts, Journal A, I:9, VII: 931]. Gibby was head of a Robeson County household of 1 "other free" in 1790 [NC:50], 5 in 1800 [NC:372], and 6 in 1810 [NC:231].
Allen Demery was a taxable "Black Male" in Matthew Moore's Bladen County household in 1770 [Byrd, Bladen County Tax Lists, I:50; II:174] and head of an Anson County household of 7 "other free" in 1790 [NC:35] and 5 in 1800 [NC:203]. He enlisted in Brevard's Company of the 10th North Carolina Regiment on 25 May 1781 and left the service on 25 May 1782 [Clark, Colonial and State Records, 16:1047].
Johnson Dempsey received voucher no. 2428 on 26 August 1783 for 7 pounds specie pay in Edenton District for military service in the Revolution [North Carolina Revolutionary Pay Vouchers, 1779-1782]. He was head of a Bertie County household of 7 in 1800 [NC:40], 5 in Halifax County, North Carolina, in 1810 [NC:16], and 8 "free colored" in Halifax County in 1830.
Burwell Evans enlisted in Montfort's Company of the 10th North Carolina Regiment on 20 July 1778 for nine months [Clark, The State Records of North Carolina, XVI:1053]. He married Mary Mitchell, 22 February 1797 Granville County bond with William Roberson bondsman. Pay Vouchers No. 1254, and Nos. 156 & 514, issued from Hillsborough District Auditors Office in Apr. 24, 1782, and June 10, 1783.   He was head of a Nash County household of 1 "other free" in 1790 [NC:70] and 2 "other free" in Halifax County in 1810 [NC:18]. Wife Polly Evans petitioned in Wake County Court, November 1820 for a years support as the widow of Burwell Evans, which also stated that he had died intestate and that the Court had appointed an Administrator in August 1820.
Morris Evans enlisted in Armstrong's Company of the North Carolina Line in 1781 and served until 1 October 1782. He assigned his final pay of 32 pounds to Dan Hunter in Warrenton in 1786 [Clark, The State Records of North Carolina, XVI:1054, XVII:209; NSDAR, Roster of Soldiers from North Carolina in the American Revolution, 8, 206]. He received voucher no. 333 for 8 pounds specie in Warrenton on 1 May 1792, being one fourth his pay [North Carolina Revolutionary Pay Vouchers, 1779-1782]. He was counted as white in 1790, head of a Wake County household of 1 male over 16, 2 under 16, and 8 females [NC:103], 7 "other free" in 1800 [NC:761] and 7 "free colored" in 1830. A brief obituary in the September 2, 1834 issue of the Raleigh Register, stated that Morris died August 25, 1834 in Wake County.
Dempsy Underdew/ Underdue was counted as white in 1790, head of a Halifax County household of 1 male over 16, two under 16, and four females [NC:63]. He was a private in the Continental Line who assigned his right to 640 acres in Tennessee to Nicholas Long in Halifax County on 25 July 1795 [DB 17:810]. His widow may have been Polly Underdew, head of a Halifax County household of 5 "other free" in 1800 [NC:346].
Charles Gibson was "a Molata" taxable in Orange County, North Carolina in 1755 [N.C. Archives, T&C Box 1, p.19]. He was living in Wayne County, North Carolina, in August 1818 when he made a declaration to obtain a pension for Revolutionary War service. He claimed that he enlisted for nine months in the Tenth Regiment at the courthouse in Northampton County, North Carolina. However, there was no record of his discharge or service. He applied for a pension from Hawkins County, Tennessee, stating that he was born in Louisa County, Virginia, on 19 January 1739 and entered into the service in Salisbury, North Carolina [NARA, R.3995, M805, Roll 355, frames 55, 62]. He was head of a Hawkins County Household of 6 "free colored" in 1830.
Thomas Gibson was born in Randolph County, North Carolina, on 15 November 1763. When he was eighteen years old, he volunteered in Guilford County and served for two years. He was allowed a pension while a resident of Randolph County [NARA, S.8560, M805, Roll 355, frame 0409].
John Hammond was head of a Cumberland County household of 5 "other free" in 1800. He stated that he was about 98 years old on 24 May 1852 when he appeared in Robeson County court to petition for a pension for service in the Revolution. He stated that he enlisted in Cheraw District, South Carolina, and resided in Anson County after the war until 1807 and then moved to Robeson County. Levi Locklier and Elias Paul testified for him [NARA, S.8654, M804, Roll 1176, frame 681 of 902].
Gibson Harris was listed in the 1778 Granville County Militia Returns for Captain Abraham Potter's Company: a seventeen-year-old "black man," occupation: planter [The North Carolinian VI:726 (Mil. TR 4-40)]. J. Craven received his final pay of 41 pounds for his service in the army [Clark, The State Records of North Carolina, XVII:216]. He was head of a Surry County, North Carolina household of 12 "other free" in 1810 [NC:684].
Sherwood Harris was head of a Wake County household of 6 "other free" in 1800 [NC:770] and 10 in Granville County in 1810 [NC:864]. George Pettiford testified for the pension application of his widow Patty Harris that he was acquainted with Sherwood when they both served in the Revolutionary War. Both settled in Granville County, and Sherwood died there. On 23 November 1797 a warrant for 228 acres was issued for Sherwood's 2-1/2 years of service [NARA, W.3984, M804, Roll 1202, frame 606 of 1071].
Aaron Hathcock enlisted in Quinn's Company of the 10th North Carolina Regiment for two years on 22 June 1779 and was allowed pay until 5 June 1781 for his services in the Revolution [Clark, The State Records of North Carolina, XVI:1080; Haun, Revolutionary Army Accounts, vol. II, Book 1, 273]. He was head of a Northampton County household of 5 "other free" in 1800 [NC:449] and 4 "other free" in 1810 [NC:728].
Henry Hawkins enlisted in Ballard's Company of the 10th North Carolina Regiment for nine months on 20 July 1778 [Clark, The State Records of North Carolina, XVI:1080]. He was head of a Halifax County household of 3 "other free" in 1790 [NC:61], 7 in 1800 [NC:318], 8 in 1810 [NC:23], and 9 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:151]. He made a deposition on 23 November 1812 that he was in the service with Nathan Scott and that Scott died in the hospital in Philadelphia [N.C. Archives, LP 262, by NCGSJ VI:15].
Joseph Hawkins was a saddler hired for twelve months in Halifax by Colonel Nicholas Long, Deputy Quartermaster General for North Carolina in the Revolution, according to his return for 23 August 1781 [Clark, The State Records of North Carolina, XV:620]. He was allowed voucher no. 8289, for 12 pounds in Halifax District for military service on 16 June 1783, voucher no. 3149 for 11 pounds on 8 March 1784, and voucher no. 4687 for 11 pounds on 14 July 1781 [North Carolina Revolutionary Pay Vouchers, 1779-1782]. He was head of a Halifax County household of 9 "other free" in 1790 [NC:64], 5 in 1800, and 5 "other free" and 1 slave in 1810 [NC:27]. Left a will in Halifax County dated April 23, 1817 in which he named 5 children: Elizabeth, Mary, Nancy (Boseman), Joseph Jr., and Samuel C. Hawkins.
Peter Hedgepeth enlisted in Yarboro's Company in the 10th North Carolina Regiment as a musician in 1781 for 12 months and was discharged on 7 May 1782 [Clark, The State Records of North Carolina, XVI:1083]. He was head of a Wake County, North Carolina household of 5 "other free" in 1790. He was living in Wake County on 21 March when he gave William Fearel power of attorney to collect his final settlement for his service in the Revolution [NCGSJ X:235].
 

There's plenty more names out there for African American-Native American Revolutionary War Soldiers from NC.  See the entire list at Free African Americans by Paul Heinegg

 

Links to African Americans in the Revolutionary War Websites

Forgotten Patriots – African American and American Indian Patriots of the Revolutionary War

A free downloadable book from the D.A.R.

Black Loyalists in the American Revolution

Black Loyalists- Index to the Black Pioneers - A history of African Americans who fought on the side of the British

Colored Patriots of the American Revolution - From Documenting the American South

NCGenWeb Military Project: American Revolution

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Last updated:  January 12, 2022