ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE NATIVE AMERICANS:
THE CAROLINA ALGONKIANS

Final Report


of the 1st grant year, May 1, 1983 - April 30, 1984
of a
Project sponsored by America's Four Hundredth
Anniversary Committee and funded by the
American Quadricentennial Corporation with funds
provided by the Z. Smith Reynolds Foundation

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David Sutton Phelps, Project Director
Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Economics
East Carolina University
Greenville, North Carolina

May 29, 1984

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

6

15

15

17

19

25

25

27
IREPORTS, PRODUCTIONS, AND EXHIBITS . . . . . . . 27

27

28

28

30
PROFESSIONAL AND PUBLIC PRESENTATIONS . . 30

30

31

31

32
REFERENCES CITED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

i

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Algonkian sites and societies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Figure 2. Chowanoke site complexes . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 3. Topography and excavated areas, 31HF30 - Area B . . . . 7
Figure 4. Excavations in progress in the northern (upper) and
southern (lower) sections of Area B, 31HF30 . . . . . . . . . .		 8
Figure 5. Contents of Colington phase Feature 3 (upper) and
Dog Burial I (lower) . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		 9
Figure 6. Colington ceramics (upper left) and charred antler
(upper right) from Feature 3. Bone pins (lower left) and
Mount Pleasant ceramics (lower right) from Feature 16 . .		 10
Figure 7. Map of Area F, 31HF30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 8. Crew excavating Feature 1 at Roberts' Wharf (upper)
and the Burial 7 ossuary at the Baum site (lower). . . . . . .		 16
Figure 9. A copper-stained cranial fragment (upper) and
"Indiantown" ceramics (lower) from the Indiantown site .		 18
Figure 10. Archaeological Investigations on the Northwest end
of Roanoke Island . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		 20
Figure 11. Erosion at Northwest Point (left) and water level in
Square C, Northwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		 21
Figure 12. Ditch line in Cooper Field borrow pit . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 13. Excavations in the Cooper Field borrow pit (upper
left), a 1563 English coin (upper right) and the ditch
line and Feature 5 in Square B (lower) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		 24
Figure 14. The Cape Creek site at Buxton (upper), with surface
debris (lower left) and intact midden in a transect test
(lower right) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		 26
Figure 15. Traveling exhibit (upper) and details of the two
sections (lower) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		 29

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Copyright 2002
Carolina Algonkian Project, All Rights Reserved