{"id":1295,"date":"2010-01-12T09:30:46","date_gmt":"2010-01-12T15:30:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ncgenweb.us\/nash\/?page_id=1295"},"modified":"2010-01-12T09:40:19","modified_gmt":"2010-01-12T15:40:19","slug":"african-american-sources-for-researchers","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ncgenweb.us\/nash\/african-americans\/african-american-sources-for-researchers\/","title":{"rendered":"African American Sources for Researchers"},"content":{"rendered":"<pre><strong>REFERENCE SOURCES ON AFRICAN AMERICANS AT THE NEWBERRY LIBRARY,\r\nCHICAGO, ILLINOIS [Excellent Source of Bibliography for all\r\nAfrican American family researchers, especially beginners.]\r\n\r\nAFRICAN AMERICAN STUDIES <\/strong>\r\n\r\nAbajian, James de T. <strong>BLACKS IN SELECTED NEWSPAPERS, CENSUSES AND OTHER\r\nSOURCES: AN INDEX TO NAMES AND SUBJECTS.<\/strong> Boston: G.K. Hall, 1977. Call\r\nNumber: Ref E 185.96 .A2. \r\n\r\n<strong>AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORIC PLACES.<\/strong> Washington, DC: Preservation Press,\r\n1994. Call Number: Ref E 185 .A2534 1994. \r\n\r\n<strong>AFRICAN AMERICANS ON THE WESTERN FRONTIER<\/strong>. Niwot, CO: University of\r\nColorado Press, 1998. Call Number: Ayer E 185.925 .A58 1998. \r\n\r\n<strong>BLACK WOMEN IN AMERICA: AN HISTORICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA.<\/strong> Brooklyn, NY:\r\nCarlson Pub., 1993. Call Number: Ref E 185.86 .B542 1993. \r\n\r\n<strong>BLACK WOMEN IN AMERICA.<\/strong> Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press,\r\n2005.  Call Number: Ref E 185.86 .B542 2005. \r\n\r\nChicago Public Library. <strong>THE CHICAGO AFRO-AMERICAN UNION ANALYTIC\r\nCATALOG: AN INDEX TO MATERIALS OF THE AFRO-AMERICAN IN THE PRINCIPAL\r\nLIBRARIES OF CHICAGO,<\/strong> Housed in the Vivian G. Harsh Collection of Afro-\r\nAmerican History and Literature at the George Cleveland Hall Branch of\r\nthe Chicago Public Library. Boston: G.K. Hall, 1972. Call Number: Ref Z\r\n1361 .N39 C47. \r\n\r\n\u2014\u2014\u2014. <strong>THE DICTIONARY CATALOG OF THE VIVIAN G. HARSH COLLECTION OF AFRO-\r\nAMERICAN HISTORY AND LITERATURE,<\/strong> the Chicago Public Library. Boston:\r\nG.K. Hall, 1978. Call Number: Ref Z 1361 .N39 C48 1978. Notes: These\r\ncollections are now in the Carter Woodson Branch of the Chicago Public\r\nLibrary. \r\n\r\nDaniel, Walter C. <strong>BLACK JOURNALS OF THE UNITED STATES<\/strong>. Westport, CT:\r\nGreenwood Press, 1982. Call Number: Ref PN 4882.5 .D36 I98. \r\n\r\nDavis, Nathaniel. <strong>AFRO-AMERICAN REFERENCE: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF\r\nSELECTED RESOURCES<\/strong>. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1985. Call Number: Z\r\n1361 .N39 D37 1985. \r\n\r\n<strong>DICTIONARY OF AFRO-AMERICAN SLAVERY<\/strong>. New York: Greenwood Press, 1988.\r\nCall Number: Ref E 441 .D53 1988. \r\n\r\nDumond, Dwight Lowell. <strong>A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ANTI-SLAVERY IN AMERICA.<\/strong> Ann\r\nArbor: University of Michigan Press, 1961. Call Number: Ref Z 1249 .S6\r\nD8. \r\n\r\n<strong>EARLY BLACK BIBLIOGRAPHIES, 1863-1918<\/strong>. New York: Garland, 1982. Call\r\nNumber: Z 1361 .N39 E25 1982. \r\n\r\n<strong>ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN CULTURE AND HISTORY.<\/strong> New York:\r\nMacmillan Library Reference, 1996. Call Number: Ref E 185 .E54 1996. \r\n\r\n<strong>ENCYCLOPEDIA OF THE HARLEM RENAISSANCE.<\/strong> New York: Routledge, 2004. Call\r\nNumber: Ref NX 512.3 .A35 E53 2004. \r\n\r\n<strong>ETHNIC CHICAGO: A MULTICULTURAL PORTRAIT.<\/strong> Grand Rapids, MI: W.B.\r\nEerdmans, 1995. Call Number: Ref F 548.9 .A1 E85 1995. \r\n\r\nFisk University. Library. <strong>DICTIONARY CATALOG OF THE NEGRO COLLECTION OF\r\nTHE FISK UNIVERSITY LIBRARY,<\/strong> Nashville, Tennessee. Boston: G.K. Hall,\r\n1974. Call Number: Ref Z 1361 .N39 F57 1974. \r\n\r\nHardaway, Roger D. <strong>A NARRATIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE AFRICAN-AMERICAN\r\nFRONTIER: BLACKS IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN WEST, 1535-1912.<\/strong> Lewiston, NY:\r\nEdwin Mellen Press, 1995. Call Number: Ayer Z 1361 .N39 H35 1995. \r\n\r\n<strong>HARVARD ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN ETHNIC GROUPS.<\/strong> Cambridge, MA: Belknap\r\nPress, 1980. Call Number: Ref E 184 .A1 H35. \r\n\r\n<strong>THE HARVARD GUIDE TO AFRICAN-AMERICAN HISTORY.<\/strong> Cambridge, MA: Harvard\r\nUniversity Press, 2001. Call Number: Ref E 185 .H326 2001. \r\n\r\n<strong>INTERNATIONAL DICTIONARY OF BLACK COMPOSERS.<\/strong> Chicago; London: Fitzroy\r\nDearborn, 1999. Call Number: Ref ML 105 .I5 1999. \r\n\r\nLogan, Rayford Whittingham. <strong>DICTIONARY OF AMERICAN NEGRO BIOGRAPHY.<\/strong> New\r\nYork: W.W. Norton, 1982. Call Number: Ref E 185.96 .L6 1982. \r\n\r\nMiller, Elizabeth W. <strong>THE NEGRO IN AMERICA: A BIBLIOGRAPHY.<\/strong> Cambridge,\r\nMA: Harvard University Press, 1970. Call Number: Ref Z 1361 .N39 M5\r\n1970. \r\n\r\nMiller, Wayne Charles. <strong>A COMPREHENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR THE STUDY OF\r\nAMERICAN MINORITIES.<\/strong> New York: New York University Press, 1976. Call\r\nNumber: Ref Z 1361 .E4 M529. \r\n\r\n<strong>MINORITIES IN AMERICA: THE ANNUAL BIBLIOGRAPHY.<\/strong> University Park, PA:\r\nPennsylvania State University Press, 1985-1986. Call Number: Ref Z 1361\r\n.E4 M53. Notes: Provides an update for charles Miller's bibliography\r\nlisted above. \r\n\r\n<strong>THE NEGRO ALMANAC: A REFERENCE WORK ON THE AFRICAN AMERICAN.<\/strong> Detroit:\r\nGale Research, 1989. Call Number: Ref E 185 .N385 1989. \r\n\r\nNu\u00f1ez, Benjamin. <strong>DICTIONARY OF AFRO-LATIN AMERICAN CIVILIZATION.<\/strong>\r\nWestport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1980. Call Number: Ayer F 1408.3 .N86.   \r\n\r\nSimpson, Jack. <strong>A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF AFRICAN AMERICAN FAMILY HISTORY AT THE\r\nNEWBERRY LIBRARY. <\/strong>[CHICAGO: The Newberry Library, 2005.] Call Number: Ref\r\nE 185.96 .T44 2005. Notes: Shelved in Ready Reference. \r\n\r\nSmith, Dwight LaVern ed. <strong>AFRO-AMERICAN HISTORY: A BIBLIOGRAPHY.<\/strong> Santa\r\nBarbara, CA: ABC-Clio, 1974-1981. Call Number: Ref Z 1361 .N39 S56. \r\n\r\nSouthern, Eileen. <strong>AFRICAN-AMERICAN TRADITIONS IN SONG, SERMON, TALE AND\r\nDANCE, 1600'S-1920: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF LITERATURE,\r\nCOLLECTIONS, AND ARTWORKS.<\/strong> New York: Greenwood Press, 1990. Call\r\nNumber: Ref Z 5956 .A47 S68 1990. \r\n\r\nWork, Monroe Nathan. <strong>A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE NEGRO IN AFRICA AND AMERICA<\/strong>.\r\nNew York: H. W. Wilson, 1928. Call Number: Ref Z 1361 .N39 W8. \r\n\r\nEmail at: reference@newberry.org \r\n\r\n*************************** \r\n\r\n<strong>AFRICAN AMERICAN GENEALOGY <\/strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>AFRIGENEAS: AFRICAN ANCESTORED GENEALOGY<\/strong> at: http:\/\/www.afrigeneas.com\/ \r\n\r\nAfriGeneas Adds African American Marriages Database at:\r\nhttp:\/\/www.afrigeneas.com\/marriages\/ \r\n\r\n[Search the Marriage Records Database\r\nEnter one name per search. Do a wildcard (\"%\") search if unsure of\r\nspelling. For example, to search McMillan or McMillian or McMillon,\r\netc, enter \"mcmill%\" or \"mcmill%n\". To search for\r\nSmith\/Smithe\/Smyth\/Smythe enter \"sm%th\". Try it!] \r\n\r\n<strong>African American Museums Added to List of Links <\/strong>\r\n\r\nArticle by Don Scott in the AfriGeneas Library at:\r\nhttp:\/\/www.afrigeneas.com\/library\/ \r\n\r\nAfriGeneas Adds African American History Forum at:\r\nhttp:\/\/www.afrigeneas.com\/forum-history\/ \r\n\r\nSorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation Publishes Most Comprehensive\r\nAnswers to Date on Genetic Origins of Native Americans \r\n\r\nWorld Vital Records Reaches 1 Billion Names \r\n\r\nStory of Freed Slaves Veers into Author's Family History \r\n\r\n<strong>BLACK CONFEDERATE PENSION RECORDS<\/strong>  \r\n\r\nBlack Confederate Pension Records:\r\nA controversial resource for African American researchers \r\n\r\nBy Doris J. Posey\r\nSpecial to the Epoch Times \r\n\r\nfrom: THE EPOCH TIMES.  Feb 01, 2008 at:\r\nhttp:\/\/en.epochtimes.com\/news\/8-2-1\/65036.html \r\n\r\nLandowner: James Porter served in the Confederate Army, bought land,\r\nand collected a pension into the 20th century. His great-granddaughter\r\nfound his pension records. Courtesy of Doris J. Posey \r\n\r\nLandowner: James Porter served in the Confederate Army, bought land,\r\nand collected a pension into the 20th century. His great-granddaughter\r\nfound his pension records. Courtesy of Doris J. Posey \r\n\r\nATLANTA\u2014Census records give African-American researchers valuable\r\nfamily information. \r\n\r\nOnly free citizens were named on the Federal Censuses prior to 1870.\r\nSlaves were listed by sex and gender only.  They were counted under the\r\nnames of their owners on the Slave Schedules of 1850 and 1860. \r\n\r\nSince African-Americans were first listed by name on the 1870 census,\r\nthe period of the Civil War (1861-1865) is crucial for researching\r\nAfrican-Americans who had been slaves. \r\n\r\nOne group of records has not been given a lot of attention but is very\r\nvaluable to a genealogist. They are the Confederate Pension Records.\r\nMany of the Confederate States of America (CSA) passed laws offering\r\npensions to indigent Confederate veterans. African-Americans were not\r\neligible to apply for the Confederate Pensions until much later than\r\nwhite veterans; some became eligible for pensions as late as 1923. \r\n\r\nExcellent Clues \r\n\r\nTo complicate learning about African-Americans during this period, many\r\nslaves changed their surnames after Emancipation in 1863. The CSA\r\nrequired slave owners to \"loan\" slaves to help defend the Confederacy,\r\nbuilding breastworks and bridges, driving wagons, entertaining the\r\nsoldiers, cooking for the troops and other \"menial\" tasks. \r\n\r\nThe Confederate Pension files hold the names of the slaves and the\r\nnames of any Confederate the slave was sent to serve. Often the surname\r\nof the slave and his \"master\" were different. This gives an excellent\r\nclue to the researcher as to the surname of the possible slave owner. \r\n\r\nThe Union Army fought against the Confederate Army. Because of slavery,\r\nAfrican-American researchers identify more easily with the Union Army;\r\ntherefore, searches for Civil War ancestors are often focused on the\r\nUnion troops. \r\n\r\nBlack men performed many duties for the South during the war. They\r\nearned pensions for serving as teamsters, shoemakers, breastworks\r\nbuilders, drummers, nurses, laborers, servants, and musicians. The most\r\ncommon roles were body servant and cook. There are also pension\r\napplications for \"private soldier.\" At least three of these were filed\r\nin South Carolina by African-Americans. \r\n\r\nEdwin P. Ford of Georgetown, S. C., was a cook and drummer with Company\r\nA, 21st Regiment, Frederick Ford of Georgetown County, S. C. was a\r\nwagon driver and cook, and James Dawkins of Union, S. C. was a\r\nshoemaker. \r\n\r\nThis information is from sworn and witnessed statements on pension\r\napplications. Applications were recorded for Texas, Arkansas, Missouri,\r\nNorth Carolina, Virginia, Florida, South Carolina, Alabama, Georgia,\r\nTennessee, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Kentucky. \r\n\r\nSix Months Before a Ban \r\n\r\nWidows also received pensions. In Appendix A of South Carolina's\r\nAfrican American Pensioners 1923-1925 by Alexia Jones Helsley, there is\r\nan account of Nina L. Brown who applied for a pension as the widow of\r\nS. Sebastian Brown. They married in June 1879, just six months before a\r\nSouth Carolina law would have made their marriage illegal. She received\r\nthe pension as his widow. \r\n\r\nJames Porter's 1924 application in Union, S. C. shows he served under\r\n\"J.F. Bailey and others.\" He was a cook. James Porter (1845-1930,) was\r\napproved for a pension in 1924. He bought 79 1?2 acres of land in Union\r\nCounty in 1881. Did his service for the Confederacy help give him the\r\nopportunity to purchase land? \r\n\r\nSince the soldiers for the Confederate States were paid by the states,\r\nthe records originated at the State Treasurer's office. The State\r\nissued checks to the County Treasurer who disbursed the checks\r\nannually. Most African-American pensioners made their mark (\"X\") when\r\naccepting the checks. James Porter's check was $7.00 in 1923 and $9.00\r\nwhen he received his last check in 1930. \r\n\r\nFor researchers, the painful idea that some Blacks were \"loyal\" to the\r\nConfederacy may be a reason not to venture into these records. Did\r\nAfrican-Americans fight in the war? The question stirs a controversy\r\nabout African-American CSA pensioners. The answer is in the Confederate\r\nPension Records. \r\n\r\n<strong>Valuable Records <\/strong>\r\n\r\nWere these African-American Confederate's lives any less important\r\nbecause they were slaves who served in the Confederacy? Should we\r\nignore their service and the valuable records related to their service?\r\nOur understanding of the slaves' dilemma in this War Between the States\r\ncomes over 130 years after that war ended. \r\n\r\nRecently, an African-American researcher said, \"I don't have any\r\nrelatives that were Confederates.\" The question is \"How do you know?\"\r\nThe Confederate Pension Records for African-Americans are worth a\r\ncloser look. \r\n\r\nDoris J. Posey is from Spartanburg, S. C.  She is the great-\r\ngranddaughter of James Porter. She is one of the organizers and Charter\r\nPresident (2000) of the Metro Atlanta Chapter of the Afro-American\r\nHistorical and Genealogical Society, Inc. (AAHGS).  Posey gives talks\r\nand leads workshops on genealogy. \r\n\r\n<strong>The African American National Biography Shines Light on Famous and\r\nOverlooked Black Historical Figures<\/strong> at:\r\nhttp:\/\/www.fas.harvard.edu\/~aanb\/<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>REFERENCE SOURCES ON AFRICAN AMERICANS AT THE NEWBERRY LIBRARY, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS [Excellent Source of Bibliography for all African American family researchers, especially beginners.] AFRICAN AMERICAN STUDIES Abajian, James de T. BLACKS IN SELECTED NEWSPAPERS, CENSUSES AND OTHER SOURCES: AN INDEX&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link-p\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncgenweb.us\/nash\/african-americans\/african-american-sources-for-researchers\/\">Read more &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":479,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1295","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/PGnLa-kT","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ncgenweb.us\/nash\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1295","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ncgenweb.us\/nash\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ncgenweb.us\/nash\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ncgenweb.us\/nash\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ncgenweb.us\/nash\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1295"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.ncgenweb.us\/nash\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1295\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ncgenweb.us\/nash\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/479"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ncgenweb.us\/nash\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1295"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}